Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"On the Subway" by Sharon Olds is a deeply introspective poem that examines the complex dynamics of race, power, and privilege. The poem presents a tense encounter between the speaker and a young black man on a subway, exploring the internalized fears and societal constructs that shape their perceptions of each other. Through vivid imagery and candid self-reflection, Olds delves into the unspoken social and racial tensions that underpin their interaction.

The poem begins with a simple, direct statement: "The boy and I faced each other." This sets up the central scenario of the poem, where the speaker and the boy are positioned as opposites, both literally and metaphorically. The description of the boy's "huge" feet in "black sneakers laced with white in a complex pattern like a set of international scars" introduces the idea of complexity and the traces of experiences marked by race and identity. The "international scars" metaphor suggests a history of wounds and conflicts that transcend individual experience, hinting at broader social and racial histories.

The poem then describes the setting as a subway car, with the two characters "stuck on opposite sides," likened to "a couple of molecules stuck in a rod of light rapidly moving through darkness." This image not only situates them physically but also metaphorically emphasizes the isolation and distance between them despite their physical proximity. The darkness surrounding them can be interpreted as the societal and historical context that they are moving through—both literally as they travel underground and figuratively as they navigate the complexities of racial tension.

Olds describes the boy's demeanor as having "the casual cold look of a mugger," capturing the speaker's immediate, perhaps subconscious, association of his appearance with danger. This perception is compounded by the boy's "alert under hooded lids" and his red clothing, which is likened to "the inside of the body exposed." The color red, often associated with danger and violence, here symbolizes vulnerability and rawness. In contrast, the speaker is wearing "dark fur, the whole skin of an animal taken and used," suggesting privilege and comfort derived from another's loss. This fur coat becomes a symbol of the speaker's societal power and protection.

As the two look at each other, the speaker contemplates the power dynamics between them. She feels uncertain whether she is "in his power" or if he is "in my power." The fear that he could easily take her possessions—or even her life—reflects a fear of physical violence. Conversely, she acknowledges her own societal power, living "off his life" by enjoying privileges and luxuries that he may not have access to, symbolized by "eating the steak he does not eat."

The poem directly addresses the racial aspect of their encounter: "And he is black and I am white." The speaker reflects on the systemic advantages her "white skin" affords her, making her life easier in ways she cannot fully comprehend but knows exist. The phrase "I must profit from his darkness" highlights the uncomfortable recognition that her comfort and security are, in part, sustained by systemic inequalities that disadvantage him. The imagery of "black cotton absorbs the heat of the sun and holds it" further emphasizes the idea that he bears the weight of societal injustices, absorbing the "murderous beams of the nation's heart."

The poem concludes with a poignant acknowledgment of the fragility and potential destructibility of the boy's life, "the rod of his soul that at birth was dark and fluid and rich as the heart of a seedling ready to thrust up into any available light." This metaphor evokes the innate potential and humanity of the boy, contrasting sharply with the harsh realities he faces. It suggests that his life, filled with potential at birth, is being stifled and crushed by systemic forces.

"On the Subway" is a powerful meditation on the complexities of race relations and the subconscious biases that permeate everyday interactions. Sharon Olds candidly explores the fears, guilt, and privileges associated with racial differences, offering a nuanced examination of the internal conflicts that arise from these societal constructs. The poem challenges readers to confront their own biases and consider the broader implications of societal inequalities, urging a deeper understanding and empathy towards those who are marginalized. Through her reflective and evocative language, Olds captures the uncomfortable truths about race and privilege, making the poem a poignant commentary on the human condition.

Copyright (c) 2025 PoetryExplorer

Discover our Poem Explanations and Poet Analyses!

Other Poems of Interest...