Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

Denise Levertov’s poem "In Praise of Allium" is an eloquent celebration of the often overlooked beauty of the allium plant. Through detailed imagery and thoughtful reflection, Levertov elevates this humble plant, inviting readers to appreciate its intricate structure and its significance in the natural world.

The poem begins with a straightforward observation: "No one celebrates the allium." This opening line sets the tone for the poem, highlighting the general neglect or indifference people have towards the allium. Levertov quickly addresses this lack of recognition by describing the plant's distinctive appearance: "The way each purposeful stem / ends in a globe, a domed umbel." The description is precise and scientific, emphasizing the allium’s unique form, which many dismissively liken to "drumsticks." This comparison reflects a superficial observation that overlooks the plant's true elegance.

Levertov challenges this dismissal by focusing on the intricate beauty of the allium's flowers: "The flowers – look – / are bouquets of miniature florets, / each with six elfin pointed petals." By urging the reader to "look," she draws attention to the delicate and detailed structure of the florets, which are often missed by the casual observer. The use of "elfin" to describe the petals adds a sense of magic and wonder to the description, enhancing the reader's appreciation of these small, pointed flowers.

The poet continues to explore the details of the allium's structure, noting, "some narrower ones my eyes / aren’t sharp enough to count, / and three stamens about the size / of a long eyelash." This close examination underscores the complexity and subtlety of the plant's anatomy, which requires careful observation to fully appreciate. The comparison of stamens to "a long eyelash" provides a relatable image that emphasizes their fine, delicate nature.

Levertov shifts focus to the allium's stems and roots, describing how "Every root / sends up a sheaf of sturdy / ridged stems, bounty / to fill your embrace." This imagery highlights the plant's robustness and abundance, contrasting with the earlier emphasis on its delicate flowers. The allium's stems are depicted as strong and plentiful, suggesting a sense of resilience and generosity.

The poem also acknowledges the ecological importance of the allium, particularly its relationship with bees: "The bees / care for the allium, if you don’t – / hear them now, doing their research, / humming the arias / of a honey opera." This personification of the bees' activity as "doing their research" and "humming the arias / of a honey opera" adds a musical and purposeful dimension to their interaction with the plant. It underscores the symbiotic relationship between the allium and its pollinators, emphasizing the plant’s role in the broader ecosystem.

Levertov concludes with a vivid and sensual image: "gold fur voluptuously / brushing that dreamy mauve." This description of the bees interacting with the allium captures the tactile and visual beauty of the scene, highlighting the rich colors and textures involved. The use of "voluptuously" adds a layer of sensuality and indulgence to the image, further elevating the allium’s status from a disregarded plant to one worthy of admiration and praise.

Structurally, the poem is composed in free verse, allowing Levertov the flexibility to explore her subject with a natural, conversational tone. The lack of strict rhyme or meter mirrors the organic and unstructured beauty of the allium itself. The poem's imagery is detailed and evocative, inviting the reader to see the allium through the poet's appreciative eyes.

"In Praise of Allium" by Denise Levertov is a thoughtful meditation on the beauty and significance of a plant often overlooked by many. Through meticulous and vivid descriptions, Levertov challenges readers to appreciate the intricate details and ecological importance of the allium. The poem celebrates the plant's robustness, delicate flowers, and the crucial role it plays in supporting pollinators, ultimately transforming a humble garden plant into a symbol of natural beauty and resilience.

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