Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Popular Revivals 1956" by John Updike taps into a nostalgic and scientific curiosity, celebrating the unexpected resurgence and conservation successes of several animal species once considered extinct or endangered. Updike’s poem draws attention to human roles in both the endangerment and the revival of these species, layering a subtle critique of these dynamics beneath the surface of factual celebration.

The poem begins with the resurrection of the thylacine, also known as the Tasmanian tiger. Thought to be extinct due to excessive hunting, its survival as announced in the *Times* symbolizes not only hope but also a kind of redemption for human efforts in conservation. The thylacine, "linked to kangaroos and platypi," represents the unique biodiversity of Australia, highlighting its ecological importance and the global interest in such distinct species.

Next, Updike mentions the tarpan, a prehistoric type of horse, which has been "rebred-in Germany, of course." The parenthetical "of course" injects a tone of irony, possibly nodding to Germany’s reputation for scientific endeavors and precise engineering. Herr Heinz Heck’s efforts to recreate these extinct horses from modern horses ("plowmares") through selective breeding are framed as a striking act of genetic manipulation, drawing attention to the human capacity to alter natural histories and lineages.

The California fur seal's tale introduces a different aspect of human interaction with nature—the exploitation for profit. Described as "a refined and gullible amphibian," the seal was driven nearly to extinction by "profit-seeking whalers." Its sighting during the Gilmore expedition symbolizes a small victory against the backdrop of human greed and highlights the ongoing challenges faced by marine conservation efforts.

Finally, the bison, an iconic symbol of the American West, represents a full circle from near extinction due to overhunting to becoming a symbol on coins and now, a revival in numbers sufficient to appear in films alongside actors like Stewart Granger. This narrative arc from reality to symbolism and back to a thriving reality speaks volumes about changing human values and the impact of cultural representation on conservation perspectives.

Updike’s poem is rich in historical and ecological references, using each animal’s story to reflect broader themes of ecological disruption and recovery. It underscores the paradoxical human role as both destroyer and preserver of the natural world. The poem is not just a catalog of conservation successes but a commentary on the complexities of human interaction with nature, infused with Updike’s characteristic wit and sharp observational skills.

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