Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

Denise Levertov’s poem "Those Who Want Out" presents a critical view of a segment of society that seeks to escape the constraints of nature and earthly existence through technological advancement and artificial environments. Through vivid imagery and pointed descriptions, Levertov explores themes of alienation, ambition, and the consequences of detachment from the natural world.

The poem begins with a depiction of a modern, materialistic lifestyle: "In their homes, much glass and steel. Their cars are fast —walking's for children, except in rooms." This introduction sets the stage for a portrayal of people who prioritize speed, efficiency, and convenience over the simplicity and slowness of walking, which is relegated to indoor spaces and associated with children. The emphasis on "glass and steel" conveys a sense of coldness and rigidity, reflecting the inhabitants' disconnection from the natural world.

Levertov continues to critique their disdain for traditional modes of travel: "When they take longer trips, they think with contempt of the jet's archaic slowness." This line highlights their relentless pursuit of speed and their impatience with anything perceived as outdated or inefficient. Their "monastic in dedication to work" further underscores their single-minded focus on productivity and perfection, drawing a parallel to monastic devotion but devoid of spiritual depth.

The poem describes their nocturnal habits and artificial environments: "They sleep by day when the bustle of lives might disturb their research, and labor beneath fluorescent light in controlled environments fitting their needs." This inversion of natural rhythms, working by night and sleeping by day, symbolizes their alienation from the natural cycles of life. The use of "fluorescent light" and "controlled environments" suggests a sterile, artificial existence tailored to their specific requirements.

Levertov contrasts their highly regulated lives with their visionary ambitions: "But no one can say they don't dream, that they have no vision. Their vision consumes them, they think all the time of the city in space." Despite their detachment from the natural world, these individuals are driven by grand visions of the future, particularly the idea of a "city in space." Their dreams of a permanent colony beyond Earth reflect a desire to transcend the limitations of the natural world and create a human-made utopia.

The poem critiques their aspirations for an artificial paradise: "Imagine it, they think, way out there, outside of 'nature,' unhampered, a place contrived by man, supreme triumph of reason." This envisioned colony, complete with "malls, racquet courts, hot tubs, state-of-the-art ski machines, entertainment," represents the epitome of human ingenuity and control. However, Levertov's tone suggests a profound skepticism about the desirability and sustainability of such a vision.

The poem concludes with a stark statement about their values: "They do not love the earth." This final line encapsulates the central critique of the poem—these individuals, in their pursuit of technological advancement and artificial environments, have lost their connection to the natural world. Their lack of love for the earth implies a disregard for the very foundation of life and a failure to recognize the intrinsic value of the natural environment.

"Those Who Want Out" by Denise Levertov offers a powerful commentary on the dangers of excessive reliance on technology and the pursuit of artificial environments at the expense of our connection to the natural world. Through her evocative descriptions and critical tone, Levertov challenges readers to consider the consequences of alienation from nature and the importance of preserving our relationship with the earth. The poem serves as a reminder of the need for balance and the dangers of prioritizing human ambition and control over the natural rhythms and beauty of the world we inhabit.

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