Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

In "To John Nichol," Algernon Charles Swinburne pays tribute to his friend and fellow poet, John Nichol. Nichol, who lived from 1833 to 1894, was a Scottish writer and academic known for his literary criticism and historical works. He was a respected figure in the literary circles of the time and held a prominent position as a professor of English literature at the University of Glasgow.

The poem reflects the deep friendship and admiration Swinburne had for Nichol. It acknowledges their enduring bond, despite the different paths they have taken in life. Swinburne praises Nichol's steadfastness and trustworthiness, emphasizing the significance of their friendship throughout the years.

In the first part, Swinburne addresses John Nichol as a "friend of the dead" and someone who has been his friend throughout their lives. He acknowledges the passing of time and the different paths they have taken, yet emphasizes the unbreakable bond that has remained between them. Swinburne praises Nichol's unwavering loyalty and the deep trust they have shared since their youth. He likens their friendship to a tree with a strong and steadfast root, symbolizing the foundation of trust that has sustained them over the years.

In the second part, Swinburne goes beyond expressing his gratitude to Nichol and acknowledges the profound impact of another friend, Dobell. He acknowledges that Dobell is loved and cherished by many, even though Swinburne himself only knows Dobell through his writings and the influence he has had on Swinburne's own artistic journey.

Swinburne then highlights the significance of expressing his gratitude to Nichol, not only as a gesture of appreciation for their friendship but also as a way to honor the memory of Luke, a figure associated with sorrow and love. Luke's passing has made Nichol's presence even more precious and serves as a reminder of the fleeting nature of life. Swinburne likens the waters that covered Luke's body to the "trustless reaches" of life, while emphasizing the purity, perfection, serenity, and kindness that characterized Luke's existence. The poem concludes with Luke's name becoming a memorial of the morning, symbolizing the enduring impact of his life and the lasting impression he left on those who knew him.

The poem is characterized by Swinburne's eloquent and heartfelt language, as well as his use of poetic devices such as alliteration, imagery, and symbolism. Through his words, Swinburne expresses his deep appreciation for Nichol's friendship and acknowledges the significance of shared memories and the enduring influence of loved ones who have passed away.

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