Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

ABRAHAM LINCOLN, by ROSE TERRY COOKE Poet Analysis Poet's Biography

"Abraham Lincoln" by Rose Terry Cooke is a poignant sonnet that celebrates the life and character of the 16th President of the United States, contrasting his enduring legacy with the qualities of other notable historical figures. Cooke uses vivid imagery and emotional language to explore themes of heroism, sacrifice, and moral steadfastness, framing Lincoln's contributions not just in the context of his time but in the broader tapestry of human struggle and virtue.

The poem begins by setting a comparative framework, acknowledging the "Hundreds there have been, loftier than their kind," referring to the many historical figures known for their heroism, intellect, and enduring influence. These figures, described as "exalted as the eternal stars," encompass warriors, heroes, and martyrs who have left their mark on history through acts of bravery, sacrifice, and profound endurance.

Cooke then shifts focus to those who have suffered— "maimed and halt and blind,"—highlighting their ability to endure suffering with such grace and triumph that they seem to earn a spiritual crown ("the martyr's palm"). This introduction of varied types of historical greatness sets the stage for Lincoln's unique contributions.

In describing Lincoln, Cooke emphasizes not his physical or intellectual might but his moral integrity and his unwavering commitment to truth and righteousness. Lincoln is portrayed as a steadfast defender of justice, standing firm "when lies and wrong / Rolled their dark waters, turbulent and strong." This imagery of battling against a flood of dishonesty and immorality underscores the chaotic and contentious atmosphere of his presidency, particularly during the Civil War.

The line "Who bore reviling, baseness, tears and blood / Poured out like water, till thine own was spent," powerfully encapsulates the personal sacrifices Lincoln made. Cooke paints a picture of Lincoln enduring personal attacks and the bloodshed of his countrymen, sacrificing his own life in the process, as he was assassinated. The use of the word "reviling" highlights the scorn and criticism Lincoln faced from his detractors during his efforts to preserve the Union and abolish slavery.

Cooke concludes the sonnet with a somber reflection on Lincoln's ultimate fate: "Then reaped Earth's sole reward--a grave and monument!" This line serves as a poignant reminder of the often thankless nature of true leadership and moral courage. Despite Lincoln’s monumental achievements and the profound impact of his presidency, his tangible rewards were minimal, culminating in his martyrdom and the commemorative monuments that seek to preserve his legacy.

Overall, Rose Terry Cooke's "Abraham Lincoln" is a moving tribute to a pivotal figure in American history, highlighting his unique place among the pantheon of great leaders and martyrs. The poem celebrates Lincoln's distinctive blend of moral fortitude, empathy, and resolve, elements that made his leadership during one of America's darkest periods both transformative and enduringly significant.

POEM TEXT:

Hundreds there have been, loftier than their kind,

Heroes and victors in the world's great wars:

Hundreds, exalted as the eternal stars,

By the great heart, or keen and mighty mind;

There have been sufferers, maimed and halt and blind,

Who bore their woes in such triumphant calm

That God hath crowned them with the martyr's palm;

And there were those who fought through fire to find

Their Master's face, and were by fire refined.

But who like thee, oh Sire! hath ever stood

Steadfast for truth and right, when lies and wrong