Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Struggle" by Toi Derricotte delves into the complexities of identity, ambition, and the pursuit of societal standards, encapsulated in the African American experience of striving for a semblance of acceptance and success within a predominantly white society. Through a series of poignant reflections and vivid imagery, Derricotte explores the internal conflict and external pressures faced by her family in their quest for betterment and the ambiguous desires that drive them.

The poem begins with the probing question, "We didn't want to be white—or did we?" This rhetorical inquiry sets the stage for a deep exploration of the motivations and aspirations of the speaker's family as they navigate the challenges of their daily lives. The ambiguity of this question reflects the internal conflict and societal pressures to conform to a set of standards that are inherently tied to whiteness and its associated privileges.

Derricotte provides a snapshot of her family's routine, painting a picture of hard work and sacrifice. The mention of "four adults, two children" living in close quarters and the description of each family member's contributions highlight the collective effort to improve their circumstances. The early departures, the varied jobs, and the domestic chores depict a relentless pursuit of stability and progress.

As the poem progresses, the transformation of the family's living space serves as a metaphor for their aspirations and the tangible results of their labor. The modern furniture, deep carpet, and the white ballerina on the mantel symbolize a certain attainment of material success and aesthetic refinement. However, the depiction of the ballerina "lifting her arms like some girl near terror" and the "gray sensual beauty" of the Degas ballerinas introduce a sense of unease and complexity to this narrative of progress. These images suggest that the pursuit of these standards brings its own set of tensions and contradictions, raising questions about the cost of such aspirations.

The final lines, "What did we push ourselves out of ourselves to do? Our hands on the doors, cooking utensils, keys; our hands folding the paper money, tearing the paid bills," reflect a moment of introspection. This rhetorical question underscores the relentless effort to achieve and maintain a certain standard of living, to secure a place within a society that continually marginalizes them. The repetitive and tactile nature of these actions emphasizes the physical and emotional labor involved in this struggle.

"Struggle" is a poignant meditation on the dynamics of race, class, and aspiration. Derricotte's introspective and nuanced portrayal of her family's experiences invites readers to consider the complexities of identity and the multifaceted nature of desire. Through her vivid imagery and reflective questioning, Derricotte captures the essence of striving for a better life while grappling with the implications of the standards we pursue.

POEM TEXT: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/57820/my-dad-sardines

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