Classic and Contemporary Poetry: Explained

"Joinville and Louis IX" by Robert Lowell portrays a reflective moment from the life of Jean de Joinville, a chronicler and close companion of King Louis IX of France, who was canonized as Saint Louis. The poem delves into the emotional and moral complexities faced by Joinville as he participates in the Crusades, highlighting themes of duty, sacrifice, and the burdens of leadership.

The poem begins with Joinville recounting his departure from his village, marked by the symbols of a pilgrim: "Given my pilgrim's scarf and staff." This imagery establishes Joinville's role in the Crusades, an expedition marked by religious fervor and a sense of divine mission. His departure is described as a personal sacrifice, as he leaves behind his "mortgaged castle" and "two fair children." The phrase "never turning my eyes for fear my heart would melt" poignantly captures the emotional struggle of leaving behind loved ones and the familiar comforts of home. This line suggests a deep internal conflict, where duty to his faith and king pulls him away from his familial responsibilities and personal attachments.

Joinville reflects on the nature of being a Crusader, acknowledging that "Some of us were, and lived to be ransomed." This statement implies the harsh realities and dangers of the Crusades, where many participants faced captivity or death, and only a fortunate few could hope to return home through ransom. The mention of "Bishops, nobles, and Brothers of the King" strolling free in Acre and urging the King to return to France underscores the divisions and differing motivations within the Crusader ranks. The request to "leave the meaner folk" behind highlights the class disparities and self-preservation instincts among the Crusader leadership, who seek to prioritize their own safety over that of the common soldiers.

The poem reaches a critical moment when Joinville, feeling "Sore of heart," seeks solace and contemplation at a "barred window." This barred window symbolizes both physical confinement and the emotional and spiritual constraints of his situation. As Joinville leans out, he experiences a moment of unexpected connection and revelation. A figure approaches and places hands on his shoulders and forehead, a gesture of comfort or concern. Joinville's initial reaction is one of distress and rejection, as he screams, "Leave me in peace!" This reaction reflects his inner turmoil and desire for solitude amidst the pressures of his circumstances.

The turning point occurs when Joinville recognizes the figure by "the emerald on his finger" as King Louis IX. The presence of the king, identifiable by this regal symbol, adds a layer of gravity to the encounter. The king's rhetorical question, "If I should leave Jerusalem, who will remain?" encapsulates the moral and ethical burden of leadership. It reflects Louis IX's commitment to his crusading mission and his sense of duty to those under his command, as well as to the Christian cause. This line conveys the king's resolve and sense of responsibility, suggesting that true leadership involves personal sacrifice and unwavering dedication, even in the face of adversity and the desire for personal safety.

"Joinville and Louis IX" by Robert Lowell offers a nuanced exploration of the inner conflicts and responsibilities faced by individuals involved in the Crusades. Through the lens of Joinville's experience, the poem examines the tension between personal desires and public duty, the challenges of leadership, and the enduring impact of faith-driven missions. Lowell's portrayal of this historical moment emphasizes the complexities of moral choices and the weight of conscience in times of crisis. The poem ultimately reflects on the ideals and realities of medieval knighthood and kingship, highlighting the enduring human struggles with duty, loyalty, and sacrifice.

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